Dynamic Retail Price and Investment Competition


Volume: Volume 28, No. 2

Issue: Summer 1997

Pages: pp. 207-227

Authors: Kyle Bagwell, Garey Ramey, and Daniel F. Spulber

Title: Dynamic Retail Price and Investment Competition

Abstract: We develop a model of retail competition in which retailers select prices and investments in cost reduction. An equilibrium is constructed in which several identical firms enter and then engage in a phase of vigorous price competition. This phase is concluded with a "shakeout," as a low-price, low-cost firm comes to dominate the market. A central feature of the equilibrium is that low prices are complementary with large investments in cost reduction. Even though the dominant firm's price rises through time, and initially may be below marginal cost, we argue that an interpretation of predatory pricing may be inappropriate.


JEL Classification

Retail and Wholesale Trade (L810)
Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance: Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets; monopolistic competition; contestable markets (L130)
Industry Studies--Distributive Trades--Retail Trade (6333)
Industry Studies--Distributive Trades--Wholesale Trade (6332)
Market Structure: Industrial Organization and Corporate Strategy (6110)
Microeconomics--Theory of Firm and Industry under Imperfectly Competitive Market Structures (0226)